Integrated manufacturing of REciclable multi-material COmposites for the TRANSport sector
Proton Storage Chemistry in Aqueous Zinc?Inorganic Batteries with Moderate Electrolytes
Recent advances regarding the proton storage chemistry in aqueous zinc?inorganic batteries with moderate electrolytes are systematically reviewed, and the four proton storage reaction patterns, the proton storage, and transport processes are well refined. The characterization techniques of proton storage are carefully introduced. Especially, the four structural engineering of proton storage modulation are highlighted.The proton (H+) has been proved to be another important energy storage ion besides Zn2+ in aqueous zinc?inorganic batteries with moderate electrolytes. H+ storage usually possesses better thermodynamics and reaction kinetics than Zn2+, and is found to be an important addition for Zn2+ storage. Thus, understanding, characterizing, and modulating H+ storage in inorganic cathode materials is particularly important. In this review, recent advances regarding the proton storage chemistry in aqueous zinc?inorganic batteries with moderate electrolytes are systematically reviewed. First, the four proton storage reaction patterns of H+ insertion, H+/Zn2+ co?insertion, H+?dependent conversion, and H+?dependent dissolution/deposition reaction are explicitly presented. Meanwhile, the proton storage processes of multi?sites and multi?steps, and the Hopping and Grotthuss proton transport mechanisms are carefully introduced. Second, the characterization techniques of proton storage are systematically classified into four types of electrochemical characterization techniques of batteries, structural characterization techniques of inorganic cathodes, pH characterization technique of electrolyte, and quantitative analysis technologies of H+ storage contribution. Third, the structural engineering of proton storage modulation is preliminarily refined to be interlayer engineering, doping engineering, defect engineering, composite engineering, and other engineering. Finally, the emerging challenges and perspectives about future directions of proton storage chemistry are proposed.
» Publication Date: 11/12/2024
This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement Nº 768737
